ACCA-LW章节中英文知识点Case law

1.1.1 Case law：法官在审理案件的时候根据判决结果得到的法律规则的集合体

1.1.1.1 Common low 普通法

国家刚成立，没有法律规则，找到当地处理这些事的习惯

1.1.2 Statute law

Parliament is responsible for statute law.

Statute law is usually made in areas so complicated or unique that suitable common law alternatives are unlikely, or would take an unacceptable length of time, to develop

(判例法依赖起诉人，滞后性，不利于国家发展；案件发生了去发现起诉，审理形成case law)

1.2 Private law and public law

分类标准：法律规范的主体是否平等

1.3 Civil law(民法) and Criminal law(刑法)

分类标准：法律规范的内容不同

Civil law

Plaintiff/Claimant (原告)v Defendant(versus起诉)

This is the form of private law.

Civil law is used by individuals to assert their rights against other individuals, (维护一方权利)the aim being to provide compensatory remedies(补偿性救济), not punish them.

Criminal law 罪与罚

R V Defendant(Rex-king,Regina-Queen)

Prosecution(授权给检察官 Crown prosecution service(CPS))

This is an aspect of public law.

Criminal law seeks to regulate behaviour not approved by the State,(规范国家不允许的行为)the aim being to enforce the law(执行法律), and punish offenders. Crimes are offences committed against the law of the land.