大家都知道，ACCA 考试的科目多，每科都有比较多的考点内容。大纲对每科内容的要求是不一样的，学员若是想要有好的成绩还要掌握ACCA重难点的学习。ACCA PM重要知识点Divisional responsibility accounting 中Investment center？
Division has costs and revenue
manager does have the authority
to in new assets or dispose of existing ones：ROI,RI
与收入，成本，Non-current
asset,working capital有关
Return on investment(ROI)=（Controllable profit÷Capital employed） x100%
1) Controllable profit: before tax.如果考试中没有，那用相近的值也可.
2) Capital employed=Total Assets-Current Liability=Equity+Non-current liability如果考试中没有，也可使用Net asset来替代，Non-current assets可以用cost记，net replacement cost或net book value.
3)
①Advantage：
a) Widely used and acceptable.
b)实现comparisons between divisions/companies of different sizes.
②Disadvantage：
a)导致功能歧视性 dysfunctional decision making.
b)随age of the asset if NBV are used，来提高ROI(譬如折扣方式的改变，CE降低）
c)导致manipulation of figures to improve results(警如扩大生产规模来降低成本）
d)如果两个公司 have different accounting policies，那么不能用ROI来比较业绩
e) Focuses on the short-term performance
注意：ROI适用于同一公司的部门：ROCE适用于公司整体情况！
Dysfunctional decision
making.举例：公司有2个项目ROIC
注意：计算时，还要考虑Cost of capital for the company，才能*终决定是否接受项目.
Residual income(RI)=controllable divisional profit-notional interest on capital
.Controllable division profit=Capital employed(same as ROI)
这里的名义利息有时也称imputedinterest，就是Costofcapitalforthecompany.
